H. K. Gill and H. Garg, Pesticides: environmental impacts and management strategies, in Pesticides-Toxic Aspects, S. Soloneski, Ed., pp. In Ghana agriculture and public health sectors remain the major contributors of pollutants into the environment. Awareness of health implications of agrochemical use significantly increases maize output. Participants had attended 1053 training courses in . 2, pp. Access to television and radio decreases the probability of a farmer being in the low level of awareness by 0.312 and increases the probability of a farmer being in moderate and high levels of awareness by 0.245 and 0.066, respectively. As the name suggests, the distribution of the logit model is logistic function whereas the probit model has a normal probability distribution. Conversely, Achem et al. The results indicated that 35.6% had a low level of awareness, 51.4% were moderately aware, and only 13% of the respondents had a high level of awareness (Figure 1). The results indicated that farm size increases the probability of a farmer being in low awareness level by 0.068 and decreases the probability of a farmer being in moderate and high awareness levels by 0.051 and 0.017, respectively. Descriptive statistics such as percentages were used while ordered logit model was used to identify factors influencing farmers awareness level of health implications of agrochemical use. The socioeconomic variables included in the Cobb-Douglas production function are labor, farmers awareness levels of health implications of agrochemicals use, age, marital status, household size, years of education, extension contacts, credit, farm size, and quantity of pesticides. Augmented Cobb-Douglas production function was also used to quantify how awareness of health implications of agrochemical use affects maize output. This has led to increasing the use of synthetic agrochemicals instead of the biological, cultural, and mechanical method for boosting production, controlling pest, weed, and disease [3]. %PDF-1.4 % Bangladeshi poor and untrained farmers apply the agrochemicals massively for getting rapid and huge returns from their shared lands causing incurable risks for the ecosystem and human health. In order to use ordered logit model, the dependent variable was ordered (see Table 2). Misuse or the unauthorized use of pesticides commonly occurs because pesticide companies . 2, pp. agrochemicals safely.The major risk factors related to agrochemical exposure resulted from the misuse of pesticides, including erroneous beliefs of farmers regarding pesticide toxicity, the use of faulty spraying equipment, the lack of proper maintenance of spraying equipment, or the lack of protective gear and appropriate clothing. Quantity of maize output is used in most studies to the neglect of quality of the produce. Blog This could be as a result of the fact that large farm owners have easy access to credit and enjoy economies of scale in resource use. 0000001181 00000 n 35.40%, 32.74%, and 19.47% of respondents disposed of Agrochemical containers using Pit burial, Burn/Incinerate, and Indiscriminate methods, respectively, while 12.39% used ecological . Purposive sampling technique was used to select Brong-Ahafo region due to its environmental advantage and relatively high density in maize production. Contact Us d) These increase the toxicity of the soil. Proper pesticide use starts before application. This study assessed factors that affect awareness of health implications of agrochemical use and its effects on maize production in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality of Ashanti Region, Ghana. Agricultural Impact Mitigation Agreements, Safety and Health Assistance for Ag Employers, Commercial Pesticide Applicator/ Operator Training and Testing, Private Pesticide Applicator Training and Testing, Licensed Pesticide Operators /Applicators /Dealers Search, Aerial Pesticide Application Questions and Answers, Agrichemical Facilities Containment Program, Containment Requirements for "On-farm" Agrichemicals. However, problems could arise through the indiscriminate use and in 1962 these were highlighted by Rachel Carson in her book Silent Spring 13. However, the extent of agrochemical use, agricultural pest knowledge, and economic components in plantain production are largely unknown in Costa Rica, especially in remote, high-poverty areas such as the Bribri-Cabcar Indigenous Territories. Look for children, nearby farm workers and sensitive crops. 0000003825 00000 n Water can nourish, but we use it to starve. Theoretically, the probability of farmers in the various levels of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use is indicated in (4). Thus, the implementation of the act is not followed of late, hence the urgent need to review the safety precautions in pesticides use [11]. Education helps farmers to understand the regulations guiding the use of chemicals in the farms thereby exposing them to the dangers of inappropriate use of the chemicals. A cost-benefit analysis conducted with a separate group of 26 plantain farmers identified several national markets and one export market for plantain production in the Indigenous Territories. HtTMo0W(oV-^w(v\7;E`)iu Q!G>>E},P xB_)LAFQ!5U05zDG'k6fA86X=Sn%[C#c},DW(`^| ;G>dav{wUWu8(!mgAL+Q[`&O))}ZGexo,#-1HYjM{' Overdose and much exposure of maize plant to agrochemicals cause scorches, yellowing, necrosis of the foliage, and distortions of the leaves. Pesticides can help to lessen the amount of manual labour required. Sumerians from 4500 years ago have said to use insecticides in the form of sulfur compounds. Associated with increased and inappropriate use and handling of agrochemicals are environmental and health problems. Site Management The University of Manchester's research has real-world impact beyond academia. Apart from the aforementioned, several are classified as agrochemical or agrichemical goods. Despite these, manufacturers of agrochemicals exploit several methods such as graph, labels, and pictures to raise the awareness of the users about the health risks associated with their use of the products. HlTKs0WQ*`tLCsizPd+)p/kw{09Rh U]qC 7r2 Pesticides are an important management tool in agricultural production. 0000001265 00000 n Agrochemical is any chemical that is used in agricultural production to improve productivity and control of pest and diseases [4]. Significant penalties can result from misuse, including improper storage resulting in spillage. If you believe your property has been damaged by pesticide misuse, call the IDOA's Bureau of Environmental Programs at 1-800-641-3934 (voice and TDD) or 217-785-2427 for acomplaint form. Pesticides are use in agriculture for their capacity to reduce pest and protect foods. Prominent among these binary choice models are linear probability model (LPM), binary probit, and binary logit models. The projects aimed at providing alternatives to commercial agrochemicals which are harmful to human, animal and environmental health. In the bid to control maize pests such as stem borers, armyworms, silkworm, and weevils, weeds, and maize diseases such as downy mildew, maize rust, leaf blight, and leaf spot, for improvement in productivity, maize farmers have over the years resorted to the use of agrochemicals. In this study, the maize output refers to the quantity and quality of maize output. It is therefore recommended that interventions aimed at increasing farmers awareness levels of health implications of agrochemicals use should focus on educating farmers through interactive radio discussion and training sessions on the field and incorporate safety use of agrochemical in our educational curriculum. Table 3 shows the summary statistics of some of the variables describing the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. Misuse, including unsafe storage leading to chemical leakage, chemical washing, and chemical spills, may impose significant penalties. Source: authors computations from field survey, 2015. The value for the Chi-squared test of 0.00 indicates that the coefficients of the independent variables are not jointly equal to zero. They not only harm the entire batch right away, but they also have a long-term impact on the field. There is a direct correlation between farmers agrochemicals use practices, the attitude of farmers, and their awareness level of its health effect on them and the environment at large. Both parties will receive written notification if the Department finds a violation and takes enforcement action. From the results, 77.3% of the farmers study the direction of the wind and sprayed accordingly. B. T. Tawiah, Concentration of organochlorine insecticide residues in tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) fruit: a case study at akumadan in the offinso North district of Ashanti region [Ph.D. thesis], Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, 2013. The law regulates the use of agrochemicals so that they are without risk to people, livestock, wildlife and the environment. where is the expected utility for farmers who are more aware of safety use of agrochemicals and is the expected utility for farmers who are less aware of safety use of agrochemicals. Nutrients come in a range of ratios, which may or may not be appropriate for a particular crop. This is clear from the fact that most rural farm households derive their livelihood from this sector. . The study, therefore, seeks to assess the factors that influence the farmers awareness of health implications of agrochemical use as well as the effect of the awareness on maize output. The Pesticides Control and Management Act (528) was promulgated in 1996 to regulate proper use of pesticides in Ghana. In general perspectives, agrochemical (pesticides and fertilizer) are used as both protective and productive inputs for maximum productivity. This document discusses emergencies which involve pesticide fires and spills. Introduction. EPA has created a series of new videos to encourage homeowners and communities to adopt healthy lawncare practices as a means of reducing pesticide risk to human health and the environment. In most of the cases, agrochemicals refer to pesticides.[3]. Research Explorer. Meanwhile, unconventional inputs such as level of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use can affect the quantity and quality of maize produced. The use of agrochemicals in many countries has become highly regulated, and permits provided by the government may be necessary for purchasing and applying approved agricultural products. Africa's population, currently estimated at 1.3 billion people, is expected to double by 2050 (1), placing enormous pressure on African food production systems that are plagued by low productivity. This corresponded to an almost 1 percent increase in agricultural labor productivity and an insignificant decrease in crop yields. 5, pp. In this study, the number of extension visits had a positive relationship with maize output. Other variables that were significant in output model include household size, years of education, the number of extension contacts, farm size, marital status, and quantity of pesticides applied. Agrochemical pollution of waterways, as a result of widespread use of insecticides, herbicides, and fertilizers, can alter the transmission of the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, according to a recent study from the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), partly funded by the NIH Fogarty International Center and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) remains a thing of choice to these maize farmers. 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The projects aimed at providing alternatives to commercial agrochemicals which are harmful to human, animal environmental! Labor productivity and an insignificant decrease in crop yields increased and inappropriate use and handling agrochemicals.

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