However, only slightly more than half of the population speaks Lao natively. More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. [135] The European Council on Trade and Tourism awarded the country the "World Best Tourist Destination" designation for 2013 for architecture and history.[136]. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. Soukvimarn is one of the older restaurants in Vientiane and a local favorite. Laos opened on May 2022 and it is nice to travel t. The city of Vientiane is located on the Mekong River's bank near the Laos-Thailand border, and is the seat of the countrys national government. Laos is a Lao speaking country that does not border with any sea. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. His ministers, unable to tolerate his ruthlessness, forced him into exile to the present-day Thai province of Nan in 1373,[31] where he died. Laos applied for membership of the World Trade Organization in 1997; on 2 February 2013, it was granted full membership. It was founded in 1563 and was prompted by fears of attacks from Burma. These include the Presidential Palace and the National Assembly of Laos. [184], Laos has no tradition in other team sports. [65] Provinces are further divided into districts (muang) and then villages (ban). It was built in 1556, when the capital was moved from Luang Prabang to Vientiene, and took 6 years to complete. This includes decreasing the environmental and cultural impact of tourism; increasing awareness in the importance of ethnic groups and biological diversity; providing a source of income to conserve, sustain and manage the Lao protected area network and cultural heritage sites; and emphasizing the need for tourism zoning and management plans for sites that will be developed as ecotourism destinations.[137]. The Patuxai, Vientiane Laos. Vientiane is the capital and largest city in Laos. [140], Laos has made particularly noteworthy progress increasing access to sanitation. [130] According to the Global Hunger Index (2018), Laos ranks as the 36th hungriest nation in the world out of the list of the 52 nations with the worst hunger situation(s). Lao People's Democratic Republic", Asian Migrations: Social and Geographical Mobilities in Southeast, East, and Northeast Asia, "Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? What is the Difference Between Democrats and Republicans. [70] Laos was admitted into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in July 1997 and acceded to the World Trade Organization in 2016. [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. Additionally, the Khao San Pathet Lao, the country's official news agency, publishes English and French versions of its eponymous paper. There are some public holidays, festivities and ceremonies in Laos. Capital: Vientiane. The Lao alphabet, which evolved sometime between the 13th and 14th centuries, was derived from the ancient Khmer script and is very similar to Thai script. The capital of Laos is Vientiane. ::", "Global Religious Landscape; Table: Religious Composition by Country", "Human Development Report 2009. . After the Pathet Lao took over the country in 1975, the conflict continued in isolated pockets. Laos will . There are many traditions and rituals associated with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic groups. Lao Theung constitute about 30% of the population. The National University of Laos, one of the country's three universities, is located in Vientiane. Laos is a landlocked country on the Indo-Chinese peninsula between Thailand and Vietnam. The revised constitution of 11 May 1957 omitted reference to the French Union, though close educational, health and technical ties with the former colonial power persisted. [85] Several thousand Hmong people, fearing forced repatriation to Laos if they were not accepted for resettlement in the United States, fled the camp to live elsewhere within Thailand where a sizeable Hmong population has been present since the 19th century. "Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence from Laos. [19][20][21][22][23] In the Lao language, the country's name is Muang Lao () or Pathet Lao (), both of which literally mean 'Lao Country'. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. [181], Association football is the most popular sport in Laos. The constitution and Family Code bar the legal recognition of polygamous marriages, stipulating that monogamy is the principal form of marriage in the country. It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. When he died without an heir, the kingdom split into three principalities. When Fa Ngum was a baby, his grandfather, the reigning king, expelled Fa Ngum's father . Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009. Under Vietnamese pressure, he rebelled against the Siamese in 1826. [14] It is a one-party socialist republic, espousing MarxismLeninism and governed by the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, under which non-governmental organisations have routinely characterised the country's human rights record as poor, citing repeated abuses such as torture, restrictions on civil liberties and persecution of minorities. Located on a curve of the Mekong River, Vientiane Capital has a recorded history that stretches back to around 1,000 AD. Major festivals include Lao New Year celebrated around 1315 April and involves a water festival similar but more subdued than that of Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries. The stated policy objectives of both the Lao government and international donors remain focused upon achieving sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction. Services and facilities for tourists are adequate in the capital, Vientiane, and in the UNESCO World Heritage town of Luang Prabang, but are extremely limited in . The city is the home of the massive gilded stupa, Pha That Luang, a national symbol of Laos. [144], Laos's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a . It briefly gained independence in 1945 after Japanese occupation but was re-colonised by France until it won autonomy in 1949. The small nation is bordered by China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. [114][115][116], The Lao economy depends on investment and trade with its neighbours, Thailand, Vietnam, and, especially in the north, China. Tuy nhin, cng ty ch giao dch c 216.678 c phiu theo phng thc tha thun do cha t k vng v gi. For example, Khammu farmers in Luang Prabang plant the rice variety khao kam in small quantities near the farm house in memory of dead parents, or at the edge of the rice field to indicate that parents are still alive.[162]. The capital city has more of a small town feel than that of a capital. Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. [153][154] Buddhism has long been one of the most important social forces in Laos. The city also has a well-developed economy and a thriving tourism sector that attracts a large number of international investors. In 2016, China was the biggest foreign investor in Laos's economy, having invested in US$5.395billion since 1989, according to Laos Ministry of Planning and Investment's 19892014 report. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . The Lao Securities Exchange (LSX) began operations in 2011 with two stocks listed, both state-owned - the Banque Pour l'CommerceExterieur (BCEL), and the power generation arm of . [44] On 9 March 1945, a nationalist group declared Laos once more independent, with Luang Prabang as its capital, but on 7 April 1945 two battalions of Japanese troops occupied the city. [48], Some 80million bombs failed to explode and remain scattered throughout the country, rendering vast swaths of land impossible to cultivate. Pha That Luang, the countrys most revered national monuments, is located in Vientiane. A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China's outsized . Vientiane was a Khmer (remember Cambodia?) Metallurgy is an important industry, and the government hopes to attract foreign investment to develop the substantial deposits of coal, gold, bauxite, tin, copper, and other valuable metals. Area 236,800 sq km (91,400 sq miles) Major languages Lao, French. "Muay" comes from the Sanskrit term meaning "to box" but is generally used to describe the unarmed martial art found throughout Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. The new China-Laos passenger and freight railway, serviced by an Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train, stretches 1,035 kilometers (643 miles) and was designed to link Vientiane with Kunming, capital . Residents of the capital Vientiane are barred from leaving the city and outsiders must get permission to enter. settlement scattered around a Hindu temple. [69] Trade relations with the United States were normalised in November 2004 through Congress approved legislation. [121] The irrigated areas under cultivation account for only 28% of the total area under cultivation which, in turn, represents only 12% of all of the agricultural land in 2012. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). An "urban" village is essentially a town.[58]. [79], In 1993, Vue Mai, a former Hmong soldier and leader of the largest Hmong refugee camp in Thailand, who had been recruited by the USEmbassy in Bangkok to return to Laos as proof of the repatriation programme's success, disappeared in Vientiane. [101] On 25 September 2009, Laos ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, nine years after signing the treaty. The khaen traditionally accompanied the singer in mor lam, the dominant style of folk music. [104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. Lao Soung account for about 10% of the population. One of the most problematic economic sectors in Laos is transport. The king then secretly sent Prince Kindavong to represent Laos to the Allied forces and Prince Sisavang as representative to the Japanese. Other terms are Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) or Kha as the Lao Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation. [147] Ten percent belong to other "lowland" groups, which together with the Lao people make up the Lao Loum (lowland people). The first bullet train to serve the high-speed Laos-China railway sits in a rail station in the Lao capital Vientiane, Oct. 16, 2021. ", "Laos Deputy PM Douangchay Phichit dies in plane crash", "Laos plane crash kills defence minister and senior officials", "Lao Defense Chief Among Plane Crash Victims", "Hmong Leader's Vanishing In Laos Reverberates in U.S.", Reports on results of investigations of allegations concerning the welfare of Hmong refugees and asylum seekers in Thailand and Laos, "Refugee Admissions Program for East Asia", "History of the Hmong Resettlement Task Force", Report on the situation in the Xaysomboun Special Zone and 1100 Hmong-Lao refugees who escaped to Petchabun, Thailand during 20042005, Thailand: EU Presidency Declaration on the situation of Hmong refugees, "Hmong refugees facing removal from Thailand", Deportation of Hmong Lao refugees stopped in last minute, Hmong: UNHCR Protests Refugee Deportation, "Somsanga's Secrets | Arbitrary Detention, Physical Abuse, and Suicide inside a Lao Drug Detention Center", "In charts: How the Philippines fares in Southeast Asia", "Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review: Eighth session of the UPR Working Group of the Human Rights Council", "Human Rights Watch Concerns on Laos Submitted in advance of the EU-Laos Human Rights Dialogue October 2015", "Human Rights Abuses in Laos Must be Tackled Now", "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016", "Free former student leaders arbitrarily detained for 17 years", "Amnesty International Report 2016/17: Laos", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill Hmong Christians", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill four Hmong Christians: NGO", "Two teenagers rescued from forced prostitution in Laos", "Chinese marriage proposals become prostitution nightmares for some Lao girls", "Communism and Capitalism Are Mixing in Laos", https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341793965, "Preparing the Cumulative Impact Assessment for the Nam Ngum 3 Hydropower Project: Financed by the Japan Special Fund", "Briefing note for countries on the 2015 Human Development Report Laos", International Food Policy Research Institute, "UN expert: Lao PDR's economic strategy entrenches poverty", Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, European Council On Tourism And Trade Delegation Visit To Laos-World Best Tourist Destination European Council On Tourism And Trade, "The Lao People's Democratic Republic's Vision for Ecotourism", "China's BRI and its High-Speed Railways to Nowhere", "Focales n 8. THE government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic has petitioned the District Court for the NMI to enforce foreign arbitral awards against Bridge Capital LLC and its principal John Baldwin in the total amount of $5,026,983.98. Savada, Andrea Matles (editor) (1994) "Events in 1945". and Yurnaidi, Z., 2020. 4 min. Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to generate 16% of total exports or US$270.3million in 2010, growing in nominal terms to US$484.2million (12.5% of the total) in 2020. [86] In 2004 and 2005, thousands of Hmong fled from the jungles of Laos to a temporary refugee camp in the Thai province of Phetchabun. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report By Sebastian Strangio A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China . [141] Laos's progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries. Laos is the only landlocked nation in Southeast Asia. In 1960, amidst a series of rebellions in the Kingdom of Laos, fighting broke out between the Royal Lao Army (RLA) and the communist North Vietnamese and Soviet Union-backed Pathet Lao guerillas. [119] The economy receives development aid from the International Monetary Fund, Asian Development Bank, and other international sources; and also foreign direct investment for development of the society, industry, hydropower and mining (most notably of copper and gold). Particularly noteworthy progress increasing access to sanitation account for about 10 % of the River. 1945 after Japanese occupation but was re-colonised by France until it won autonomy in 1949 the Trade! Are further divided into districts ( muang ) and then villages ( ban ) a baby his! Well-Developed economy and a local favorite in Vientiane and Investment, 2009 football is the only landlocked nation in Asia... Are barred from leaving the city is the only legal political party is the Lao refugees, however, willing... 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