So, we did a quick search on Google and found an online tool that can be used to decode the message using the brainfuck algorithm. Please leave a comment. Running it under admin reveals the wrong user type. Then, we used the credentials to login on to the web portal, which worked, and the login was successful. As we already know from the hint message, there is a username named kira. WordPress then reveals that the username Elliot does exist. First, we need to identify the IP of this machine. So, in the next step, we will start the CTF with Port 80. This box was created to be an Easy box, but it can be Medium if you get lost. We used the ping command to check whether the IP was active. 2. Until now, we have enumerated the SSH key by using the fuzzing technique. The command used for the scan and the results can be seen below. django A large output has been generated by the tool. The root flag was found in the root directory, as seen in the above screenshot. limit the amount of simultaneous direct download files to two files, with a max speed of 3mb. The comment left by a user names L contains some hidden message which is given below for your reference . So lets pass that to wpscan and lets see if we can get a hit. 6. So, two types of services are available to be enumerated on the target machine. Since we can use the command with ' sudo ' at the start, then we can execute the shell as root giving us root access to the . Kali Linux VM will be my attacking box. We changed the URL after adding the ~secret directory in the above scan command. Today we will take a look at Vulnhub: Breakout. Hope you learned new somethings from this video.Link To Download the machine: https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/empire-breakout,751/Thank You For Watching This VideoHope you all enjoyed it.If you like this video plz give thumbs upAnd share this video with your friendsLink to my channel : https://www.youtube.com/TheSpiritManNapping CTF Walkthrough: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWYjo4QpInwHow To Install Virtual-Box in Kali Linux : https://youtu.be/51K3h_FRvDYHow To Get GPS Location Of Photo From Kali Linux : https://youtu.be/_lBOYlO_58gThank You all For watching this video. It is another vulnerable lab presented by vulnhub for helping pentester's to perform penetration testing according to their experience level. We used the su command to switch to kira and provided the identified password. So let us open this directory into the browser as follows: As seen in the above screenshot, we found a hint that says the SSH private key is hidden somewhere in this directory. We used the Dirb tool for this purpose which can be seen below. So now know the one username and password, and we can either try to login to the web portal or through the SSH port. The identified username and password are given below for reference: Let us try the details to login into the target machine through SSH. We have to boot to it's root and get flag in order to complete the challenge. Locate the AIM facility by following the objective marker. When we opened the target machine IP address into the browser, the website could not be loaded correctly. We added the attacker machine IP address and port number to configure the payload, which can be seen below. Please comment if you are facing the same. By default, Nmap conducts the scan on only known 1024 ports. We assume that the goal of the capture the flag (CTF) is to gain root access to the target machine. Enumerating HTTP Port 80 with Dirb utility, Taking the Python reverse shell and user privilege escalation. Pre-requisites would be knowledge of Linux commands and the ability to run some basic pentesting tools. I tried to directly upload the php backdoor shell, but it looks like there is a filter to check for extensions. Trying directory brute force using gobuster. We opened the target machine IP address on the browser. The same was verified using the cat command, and the commands output shows that the mentioned host has been added. EMPIRE BREAKOUT: VulnHub CTF walkthrough April 11, 2022 byLetsPen Test Share: We assume that the goal of the capture the flag (CTF) is to gain root access to the target machine. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. Thus obtained, the clear-text password is given below for your reference: We enumerated the web application to discover other vulnerabilities or hints, but nothing else was there. 3. So, let's start the walkthrough. I looked into Robots directory but could not find any hints to the third key, so its time to escalate to root. Robot VM from the above link and provision it as a VM. As we can see above, its only readable by the root user. We analyzed the encoded string and did some research to find the encoding with the help of the characters used in the string. 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Below are the nmap results of the top 1000 ports. Locate the transformers inside and destroy them. The output of the Nmap shows that two open ports have been identified Open in the full port scan. However, enumerating these does not yield anything. Now, we can easily find the username from the SMB server by enumerating it using enum4linux. Next, we will identify the encryption type and decrypt the string. 7. Capturing the string and running it through an online cracker reveals the following output, which we will use. In this walkthrough I am going to go over the steps I followed to get the flags on this CTF. As shown in the above screenshot, we got the default apache page when we tried to access the IP address on the browser. We opened the target machine IP address on the browser. Walkthrough 1. The target application can be seen in the above screenshot. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. Also, check my walkthrough of DarkHole from Vulnhub. On browsing I got to know that the machine is hosting various webpages . Quickly looking into the source code reveals a base-64 encoded string. So, we decided to enumerate the target application for hidden files and folders. I am from Azerbaijan. We ran some commands to identify the operating system and kernel version information. Command used: << dirb http://deathnote.vuln/ >>. Prior versions of bmap are known to this escalation attack via the binary interactive mode. However, for this machine it looks like the IP is displayed in the banner itself So following the same methodology as in Kioptrix VMs, let's start nmap enumeration. We can conduct a web application enumeration scan on the target machines IP address to identify the hidden directories and files accessed through the HTTP service. We are now logged into the target machine as user l. We ran the id command output shows that we are not the root user. So, in the next step, we will be escalating the privileges to gain root access. Instead, if you want to search the whole filesystem for the binaries having capabilities, you can do it recursively. Please try to understand each step. The hint mentions an image file that has been mistakenly added to the target application. The identified open ports can also be seen in the screenshot given below: we used -sV option for version enumeration and -p-for full port scan, which means we are telling Nmap to conduct the scan in all 65535 ports. So, we continued exploring the target machine by checking various files and folders for some hint or loophole in the system. To make sure that the files haven't been altered in any manner, you can check the checksum of the file. On the home page of port 80, we see a default Apache page. As we have access to the target machine, let us try to obtain reverse shell access by running a crafted python payload. So, we used to sudo su command to switch the current user as root. 22. Using Elliots information, we log into the site, and we see that Elliot is an administrator. Here you can download the mentioned files using various methods. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. We download it, remove the duplicates and create a .txt file out of it as shown below. In the Nmap results, five ports have been identified as open. 13. blog, Capture the Flag, CyberGuider, development, Hacker, Hacking, Information Technology, IT Security, mentoring, professional development, Training, Vulnerability Management, VulnHub, walkthrough, writeups It's that time again when we challenge our skills in an effort to learn something new daily and VulnHubhas provided yet again. This lab is appropriate for seasoned CTF players who want to put their skills to the test. The password was correct, and we are logged in as user kira. We used the sudo l command to check the sudo permissions for the current user and found that it has full permissions on the target machine. os.system . So at this point, we have one of the three keys and a possible dictionary file (which can again be list of usernames or passwords. You play Trinity, trying to investigate a computer on the Nebuchadnezzar that Cypher has locked everyone else out from, which holds the key to a mystery. [CLICK IMAGES TO ENLARGE]. We clicked on the usermin option to open the web terminal, seen below. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. Meant to be broken in a few hours without requiring debuggers, reverse engineering, and so on. Command used: << netdiscover >> The level is considered beginner-intermediate. VulnHub provides materials allowing anyone to gain practical hands-on experience with digital security, computer applications and network administration tasks. In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. Writeup Breakout HackMyVM Walkthrough, Link to the machine: https://hackmyvm.eu/machines/machine.php?vm=Breakout. I have. First, we need to identify the IP of this machine. So, it is very important to conduct the full port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF. flag1. However, in the current user directory we have a password-raw md5 file. In the highlighted area of the above screenshot, we can see an IP address, our target machine IP address. If you are a regular visitor, you can buymeacoffee too. security The walkthrough Step 1 The first step is to run the Netdiscover command to identify the target machine's IP address. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. Administration tasks pre-requisites would be knowledge of Linux commands and the login was successful instead, if you lost. 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